Carcassonne’s massive Cité on the right bank of the Aude River dates back to the third century B.C. and over the last 2,500 years has been built, destroyed, enlarged and renovated by Romans, Visigoths, Crusaders and French kings. The view from our hotel balcony promised a grand adventure exploring the ancient citadel.
Carcassonne officially joined France in the 13th century as a bastion of defense against the Spanish House of Aragon. During those years, the old Roman walls were mostly demolished, and the fort was expanded with newly constructed outer walls and towers. But the 1659 Treaty of the Pyrenees effectively rendered the fortress strategically unnecessary, the citadel was abandoned and Carcassonne developed a thriving economy in the woolen textile industry.
Interestingly, the French government wanted to demolish the crumbling complex in the middle of the 19th century, but local citizens vehemently opposed the move. The work was assigned to none other than Eugene Viollet-le-Duc, the architect who also designed the spire of Notre Dame in Paris.
Today the Cité is one of the marvels of western European history. It is much more than a fort. In fact, the medieval citadel contains the Carcassonne Castle, Saint Nazaire Basilica, and as number of medieval houses that stand today. The Cité was also a site of the early Inquisition as the Cathar sect of the Catholic Church had taken root there, which generated a Crusade to seize Carcassonne from the heretics.
Today, tickets to tour the entire complex cost only 9.50, but be prepared to climb lots of steep staircases as you explore the castle and walk the ramparts among the 52 towers.
The Basilica of St. Nazaire is a separate but free admission.
We spent nearly two hours clambering around the castle and its ramparts that offer views almost all the way to Spain. Most of the major rooms and features of the complex offer explanatory boards in French, English and Spanish, so we Americans can understand the stories behind the walls and turrets. We could have stayed longer, but hunger drove us out.
We had grabbed only a single croissant on our way to the Cité in the morning, so we were famished by the time we had covered the fortress. We stopped at a little place called L’Ecu D’Or (The Golden Shield–everything in the village relates to the fort), where we each ordered a full salad, chèvre for Lynn (her favorite) and a decadent seared foie gras with sliced duck livers and prosciutto over lettuce and tomatoes for me. Both were splendid. Mine, in fact, was decadent.
It was all we could do to finish our salads, as we watched an elderly French couple sitting at the adjacent table put away a salad, main course and dessert–each. They exchanged some humorous comments with the waiter, I think at our expense, probably wondering how Americans who eat so little can make it through the day. We, on our part, were stuffed and wondering how we would make it down the hill, across the river and into our hotel for a nap.
But we managed.
While Lynn napped, I walked back out to the wine store to purchase provisions for the next two nights. Wouldn’t you know–the store was closed, as it had been the day before. I forgot they shut down in mid-afternoon.
I walked into the Verre D’Un restaurant, where our jolly proprietor assured me the store would open in less than 30 minutes and offered a glass of wine from their sophisticated tasting machine. I chose a Pic St. Loup, a pretty rare growth from a very small region around here. He awarded me the glass and said, “Free for the wait.”
I did not argue, but walked outside to enjoy the glass while listening to a table of four British tourists finishing their lunch. Soon enough, the wine store manager signaled to me that he was opening. He showed me four different bottles of Pic St. Loup, and I picked one, plus a local wine he had on display in his window.
Dinner was at Le Rideau Rouge (The Red Curtain) across the street from the theatre, where all the restaurants have names connected with the stage. I had been attracted to their board that advertised a steak–not an entrecôte–for 24 euros. I ordered that, and Lynn had the grilled pork medallions, both dishes served with frites as only the French know how to make them. Again, we were stuffed after just our main course.
We stand in awe of the French, who seem to eat prodigious amounts of food at every seating. Maybe they only eat one meal a day, but that one meal reaches the caloric level of an entire day of our existence. Vive la France if they can stay alive.